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December 2025

Control components for OEMs

Founded in 1985, Teknic manufactures servo motion control components that include integrated servo systems, brushless servo motors, servo drives, motion controllers, and power supplies.

Machines that make gears contain crucial parts that are important to the successful manufacturing of those gears and more. Teknic Inc. has been designing and manufacturing these crucial components responsible for the proper functioning of all types of manufacturing machines for more 40 years. “At our core, Teknic designs and manufacturers a range of high-performance […]
Kenneth Carter

Durability and performance rating procedures for plastic spur gears

With an increase of e-mobility and the growing demands on the user experience where the NVH needs to be held at a minimum, plastic gears offer several advantages over metal gears.

High performance plastic gears are increasingly replacing metal gears in several applications due to many advantages: lower weight, no need for lubrication; cheaper mass production; significantly better noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) behavior; and chemical/corrosion resistance. Naturally, they also exhibit some drawbacks against metal gears, e.g. lower load bearing capacity, thermal sensitivity, and inferior manufacturing […]
Damijan Zorko, Rok Kalister, Borut Cerne

Independent pinion and gear profile shift for bevel gears

The independent pinion and gear profile shift, as it is introduced in this article, allows for the first time in bevel gear technology to use positive profile shift amounts in both gear members; the result is a larger working profile that provides a higher contact ratio and quieter operation accompanied with a higher power density.

 

Bevel and hypoid gears as well as straight bevel gears require, similar to cylindrical gears, a positive profile shift for the pinion in case of low number of teeth. If the number of pinion teeth is below 18, or even below 10, the pinion develops a severe undercut, which eliminates a large portion of the […]
Hermann J. Stadtfeld

November 2025

Building connections that last

For more than four decades, Nord-Lock Group’s bolting technologies have supported a range of industries around the world offering innovative solutions to create safer and more reliable operations and applications.

Machines manufacture the gears, but those sophisticated machines are manufactured, too. The bolts and parts making up those machines have to be of the highest quality to ensure the safety of the machine and the operators who use them. The Nord-Lock Group has been manufacturing high-performance, reliable bolting for more than 40 years — starting […]
Kenneth Carter

A combination of handmade processes and expertise

Octagon Manufacturing Technology offers high precision length measuring CNC machines, educational lathe machines, piston measurement systems, and more at competitive prices.

Chamfering can be an important step in the manufacturing process, removing sharp edges and burrs from a workpiece in order to create a proper gear. Octagon Manufacturing Technology, a small machine shop based in India, has been supplying CNC machines for chamfering and other processes for about 15 years. “In forging, there are some operations […]
Kenneth Carter

Producing gears in large and small runs

Affolter offers compact machine tools for gear-hobbing applications based on customized numerical control with precision, flexibility, and productivity benefits.

Watches, aerospace components, and, now, even automobiles require high-precision parts and gears. Swiss history has often been synonymous with Swiss accuracy, and Swiss company Affolter has been proving that distinction for more than a century. “We help manufacturers to make very precise gears,” said Mikaël Affolter, head of sales at Affolter. “In the watch industry, […]
Kenneth Carter

October 2025

Precision in every application

CUMI Abrasives specializes in delivering high-quality gear grinding solutions with advanced grinding wheels, designed for efficiency, durability, and precision.

Grinding is a quintessential process to ensure a precision-made gear. It’s a needed step that has been enhanced and improved upon for decades. The experts at CUMI (Carborundum Universal Murugappa India) have played a huge role in the grinding of gears and more in the abrasives sector for more than seven decades. “As far as […]
Kenneth Carter

Design alternative for a helicopter final stage planetary gearbox

This article introduces the innovative orbicular gear mechanism (OGM). The OGM arrangements presented provide a systematic process of implementing face gear planetary systems and to expand the application of face gears.

Traditional planetary gear systems, featuring a central external sun gear encircled by planet gears and an internal ring gear, have size, weight, and load distribution limitations. A new orbicular gear mechanism (OGM) has been introduced and designed to replace the epicyclic planetary systems. The OGM includes at least two face gears, one as a sun […]
Mert Vardar, Gustavo Gattinoni, Ugur Cavga, Omer Mehmed, Fatih Erdogan, Sammy Bouskour, Dr. Rhys Jones

Advanced Gearbox Lubrication Analysis: A virtual lab for design optimization

Adopting an advanced workflow empowers gearbox manufacturers to innovate faster and more cost-effectively.

This article presents a workflow for analyzing gearbox lubrication, leveraging advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and heat-transfer simulations. Developed in collaboration with a company transitioning from combustion engines to electric vehicles, this workflow addresses the complex physics of lubrication, particularly focusing on a bearing overheating issue caused by inadequate lubricant flow. Traditional physical testing methods […]
Benjamin Beckelynck

September 2025

Specialists in precision gear machinery and gear services

Involute Gear & Machine Company distributes high quality gear cutting machines and gear inspection machines to companies both big and small.

As long as companies need to make gears, gear cutting machines and gear inspection machines will continue to be crucial components of a shop floor. Getting the right machine and keeping them running with the proper maintenance is a decision every gear-manufacturing company must face, so it’s important to work with a distributor that knows […]
Kenneth Carter

Electric vs. Combustion: A comparative analysis of gear design for commercial vehicle applications

Designing gears for electric vehicles requires a delicate balance between achieving high efficiency and maintaining low NVH.

The automotive industry has seen a significant shift from internal combustion engines (ICE) to electric vehicles (EV) over the past decade, primarily in passenger cars. Compared to that, the commercial vehicle sector is now beginning to explore EVs. Unlike passenger cars, commercial vehicles demand high torque and low speeds. Trying to achieve this through a […]
Soniya Lahoti, Sahil Chawla, Hareesh Kurup, Carlos Wink

Transition Curve: Much more than a radius at the root fillet of a tooth

Can the change in the shape of the transition curve profile caused by reducing the tool profile angle be compensated by increasing the fillet radius and vice versa?

By maintaining the size of the base pitch, we can cut the same involute tooth profile with basically any angle of the tool profile, using the relationship in Equation 1:     Where: tbn = normal base pitch. mn = normal module. αn = gear tooth normal profile angle. With the increase of the tool […]
Ing. Jaroslaw Gorniak, Dr. Ing. Igor Zarebski, Dr. Habil. Ing. Adam Marciniec

August 2025

Critical motion control solutions

Kinematics is a global leader in critical motion control solutions, specializing in the design and production of actuation technology, advanced algorithms, controls, and global support.

When a crane is operating, it’s crucial the crane’s weight doesn’t cause it to run away. In solar tracking, it’s necessary that wind events don’t force the gearbox to rotate backwards. Worm drives play an important role in ensuring these events don’t occur, and Kinematics has been making specialized worm gears — and more — […]
Kenneth Carter

Ensuring each metal part gets proper finishing

Master deburring techniques are required for precision metal parts, so it’s important to know which of those techniques work best for each job.

Deburring removes unwanted metal pieces from manufactured parts. This process creates smooth, safe surfaces on metal components. Every metal part needs proper finishing to work correctly and last longer. Key Takeaways Deburring removes unwanted metal pieces called burrs that form during manufacturing processes such as cutting, drilling, and machining. Different deburring methods including manual, automated, […]
Todd Weberg

Powdered metal gears can deliver cost-effective precision

The process that manufactures powdered metal gears transforms metal powder into finished gears without traditional machining, creating accurate, durable components ready for challenging applications.

Powdered metal gears represent a breakthrough in precision manufacturing. These components combine cost-effective production with high-performance characteristics. Key Takeaways Powdered metal gears use up to 97 percent of raw materials compared to 60 to 70 percent for traditional machining, reducing waste and manufacturing costs. The powder metallurgy process creates complex geometries and integrated features in […]
Todd Weberg

Edge finishing and hole preparation

Master chamfering techniques are needed for holes, edges, and angles, so it’s important to know which applications work best for each situation.

Chamfering removes sharp edges from metal parts by cutting controlled angles on corners and holes. This precision process transforms dangerous, jagged surfaces into smooth, angled transitions that improve safety and performance across industrial applications. Key Takeaways Chamfering creates angled cuts on sharp edges and holes to improve safety, assembly efficiency, and component durability in manufacturing. […]
Todd Weberg

July 2025

Quality Repair and Services

Lone Star Machine Repair offers a wide range of services that include state-of-the-art gear cutting equipment and machinery combined with expert customer service.

Cutting gears takes precision equipment as well as the expertise to operate that equipment in order to get companies the highest quality service and products available. But with all the different types of gears needed, it may be a challenge to find just the right company for the job. The experts at Lone Star Machine […]
Kenneth Carter

Inspection & Metrology: Future-Proofing Gear Inspection

Complex designs, geometries, features, and tolerances are pushing multi-sensor 5-axis CMMs to the forefront when it comes to inspecting and measuring custom and high-performance gears.

Precise measurement and quality control continue to gain ground in 2025. Customers are calling for higher product performance and reliability, driving manufacturers to maintain more stringent quality management practices. Companies must also navigate the barrage of technological changes. Trends such as smart factories, AI, and digital twins are seeing increased adoption along with automation. Connected, […]
Mark Gearding

AGMA Gearbox Classifications: Industry Standards for Performance and Reliability

Discover how AGMA gearbox classifications set performance benchmarks for industrial power transmission with expert insights on selecting
quality components.

AGMA gearbox classifications represent the cornerstone of quality and reliability in industrial power transmission. These comprehensive standards, developed by the American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA), provide engineers and manufacturers with precise specifications that ensure optimal performance across diverse applications. This guide examines the key AGMA standards that govern gearbox design, rating, and performance validation. Whether […]
Todd Weberg

Tooling & Workholding: Redefining precision for high-speed machining

Getting things right in high-speed machining applications start with the right machine and spindle, but all too often, shops overlook the power of a smart tooling strategy.

Like most modern technologies, high-speed machining has come a long way since its initial rise in popularity. First enabled by new carbide tooling, faster spindles, and more sophisticated coolant systems, shops in the ’90s were amazed when spindle speeds reached 20,000 RPM. Today, it’s not unusual to see speeds six times that — up to […]
Michael Herman

The Hidden Cost of Convenience

Why 3D printing shouldn’t be left only to an algorithm.

In the race to make 3D printing as frictionless as possible, many additive manufacturing (AM) bureaus have placed their faith in fully automated quoting systems — sleek, seamless, and designed to get customers from upload to checkout in minutes. It’s a powerful sales pitch. Just upload your file, get an instant price, click a button, […]
Sasha Bruml, Felix Manley

June 2025

Empowering Production with High Performance Tooling Solutions

Monaghan Tooling Group plays a vital role in supporting the gear manufacturing industry by providing advanced gear cutting solutions through its partnership with Vergnano.

Advanced gear cutting solutions are a must-have advantage for any company wanting to navigate the ever-evolving gear-manufacturing landscape. That can mean more than just offering the best the industry can get. It oftentimes means giving an extra layer of service and commitment. Monaghan Tooling Group plays a vital role in supporting the gear manufacturing industry […]
Kenneth Carter

Design Method of System Tolerances in Cylinderical Gearboxes for Cost-Efficient Optimization of the Excitation Behavior

In this report, a tolerance design method for the entire gearbox was proposed based on metaheuristic methods using cost-tolerance functions (C-T functions) for different manufacturing processes.

The design of cylindrical gears is often carried out separately from the development of surrounding gearbox components. This applies in particular to the procedure for defining the tolerances. Mostly, experience is used when the tolerance limits of surrounding housing components, shaft shoulders, rolling bearing operating clearances, or bores are defined. The definition of restrictive tolerance […]
Laurenz Roth M.Sc., Christian Westphal M.Sc., Christian Brecher, Dipl.-Ing.

May 2025

Supplying brass, bronze, and copper products

For 30 years, Atlas Bronze has established itself in the U.S. as a leading supplier and distributor of bronze, copper, brass, iron, sintered products,
self-lubricated bushings, and Wearplate.

Selecting the proper metal or metal alloy for a job means knowing its properties and how it will perform in a certain application. When it comes to choosing the right metal for making gears, that expertise can be even more crucial so those gears are manufactured efficiently and correctly. For 30 years, Atlas Bronze has […]
Kenneth Carter

Generating gear grinding in e-mobility: challenges and solutions

Presenting the increasing requirements for efficient gearing production for e-motive applications from a machine tool manufacturer’s point of view as well as the influencing factors of the NVH behavior regarding the gear-generating process.

The topic of this article is the changing focus in gear design and the resulting challenges in gear production, in particular for continuous generating gear grinding with the rising influence of the E-mobility in the automotive industry. Especially the subdomain Noise-Vibration-Harshness, also known as NVH, has become one of the most important topics in the […]
Maximilian Zimmer, Christoph Leonhardt

Forging greater productivity with next- gen PM

Proper maintenance of forging equipment is crucial to prevent costly downtime and repairs, but new customizable preventative maintenance program options in partnership with the OEM can enable forgers to minimize downtime while maximizing production, quality, and safety.

In the realm of metalwork and manufacturing, forging equipment is an invaluable asset that can remain in production for decades. However, the key to ensuring optimal equipment performance and longevity is implementing a systematic preventative maintenance (PM) program. In this way, forging operations can boost production, reduce downtime, and guarantee a superior return on investment […]
Del Williams

April 2025

ZOLLER Inc.

Celebrating 80 years of machine tool innovation, ZOLLER Inc. has offered its inventory of inspection machines to produce better parts and better components in a shorter amount of time.

To remain a constantly thriving business for 80 years is a monumental achievement for any company, but for ZOLLER Inc., creating the right tool for the right job has been the lifeblood of the company and the key to its decades of success. “We manage everything around the machine tool,” said Alexander Zoller, president of […]
Kenneth Carter

Cutting tool selection criteria for cylindrical gear manufacturing

This article presents the adoption of the selection of hobs with modified rolling, supported by extensive calculations on a hob database; the procedure adopted aids the operator in choosing the most suitable tool based on the geometry of the gear that would be produced with each analyzed tool.

This article concludes the trilogy on the relationship between design and production of cylindrical gears. The focus has already been on design using the available tools, which is the first step in answering the designer’s question: “Can this gear be manufactured?” The closed-loop relationship between design and production with mutual exchange of information has also […]
Massimiliano Turci

Design and analysis of a workholding device for convex milling

A designed workholding device will allow for the stationary positioning of a tool while the workpiece is moved to machine the desired convex shape, enabling better control over the machining process and resulting in better machining and shape accuracy.

The machining of convex surfaces is a common requirement in many industries, including aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing. However, the process can be challenging due to the need for precise workholding and tool positioning. Inaccurate work holding can result in poor surface finish and dimensional inaccuracies, leading to increased production costs and reduced product quality. This […]
J. Krishnaraj, V. Venkata Phani Babu, C. S N S Ganesh, M. Aditya, P. Sai Srimanth

March 2025

CFD simulation of power losses and lubricant flow in gearboxes

In the context of a growing interest and focus on the energy efficiency and reliability of the gearboxes, CFD has proven to be an effective approach to both calculate the load independent power losses, for which there are no accurate and/or reliable analytical/empiric formulations, and for the study of lubricant flows to the mechanical component of the transmission.

In the last years, efficiency has become an increasingly crucial factor across various industrial sectors. The automotive industry, for instance, is requested to develop drivetrains that are not only economically efficient, but also environmentally friendly and reliable. Being able to predict the efficiency and the lubricant-behavior in gearboxes remains an imperative engineering challenge. Existing mathematical […]
Franco Concli

Why gear skiving can be good news for jet turbine disc manufacturers

To generate disc gear splines, aerospace manufacturers are increasingly using dedicated gear machines or opting for gear skiving on multi-tasking mill-turn machining centers.

Gear skiving, also known as power skiving, is where a cutting tool gradually engages with a workpiece to create gear teeth through a shaving or slicing action. It is not a new process and was actually patented in Germany back in 1910. Yet, for many years, gear skiving tended to be used much less often […]
Andrew Montgomery

February 2025

Oktoida

Oktoida has the ability to tackle the most complicated projects by offering innovative solutions to design and produce precision gears from the initial concept to the end result.

The process of designing and creating gears is an astonishingly complicated process involving precise engineering and a lot of complex mathematics. That’s why it’s important to have a company with experts that deals with the intricacies of gear geometry. And that expertise can be found at Oktoida, a Polish company that spun off from its […]
Kenneth Carter

Methodology to evaluate the bending and contact allowable stress numbers of gears from rotating bending database

A methodology to convert a rotating bending Wöhler curve to tooth bending and macropitting Wöhler curves is described.

Gears must verify a fatigue load capacity concerning tooth bending failure mode at the tooth root and contact pressure or Hertzian fatigue failure mode on tooth flanks (called macropitting). Thus, current standards to evaluate load capacity of gears, such as ISO 6336, AGMA 2101, or DIN 3990, allow to compare the effective applied stress to […]
Luc Amar, Michel Octrue, Guillaume Thoquenne, Simon Jolivet

What causes backlash and how can it be optimized?

Reducing backlash in gears is a complex approach that involves both physical adjustments to the gear assembly and, where applicable, software strategies.

Backlash in gears plays a pivotal role in the smooth operation and durability of a gear system; therefore, it is really important to understand what it is and why it is needed. Backlash in gears refers to the amount of gap between mating gear teeth when the direction of load or motion is reversed. This […]
Patrick Faulkner

January 2025

Walter USA

Walter USA offers a wide range of precision tools for milling, turning, drilling, and threading applications while working together with its customers to develop custom solutions for fully machining components.

For some companies, being the “customers’ choice” is just words. But for Walter USA, it’s a philosophy the company lives by. High-precision tools are an important part of any manufacturing process. To that end, Walter USA offers a variety of high-precision tools that serves a gamut of industries. Those tools include those used for milling, […]
Kenneth Carter

The role of in-situ techniques in microstructure optimization of interstitially alloyed steels

Three different martensitic and interstitially alloyed materials systems are investigated using the in-situ techniques of dilatometry, calorimetry, and thermogravimetry; these analytical techniques provide critical insights into the structural and thermal behavior of the material.

Microstructure optimization of steel for improved performance requires detailed knowledge of the thermal response of the materials. When designing heat treatments of new materials in-situ information about, for example, phase transformation, is pivotal. In this work, the use of two complementary techniques for in-situ monitoring of thermal behavior of carbon and nitrogen containing steels, i.e., […]
Qianchen Zeng, Ellen Troyanosky, Noah Kantor, Jianyu Liang, Thomas L. Christiansen

Increase gear pitting capacity and reparability via improved gear surface technique

Pitting performance can be significantly increased with a combination of shot peening and superfinishing if the gears are manufactured with adequate tip relief.

The industry has seen a significant rise in the power density of geared components to increase cost efficiency in gearboxes. It is feasible to increase torque density with a combination of technology, improved design, optimized materials, and surface engineering (Figure 1). Since fatigue failures nearly always occur at or near the surface, where the stresses […]
Dr.-Ing. Ruben Carranza, Thomas Tobie

David Christopher ‘Coop’ Cooper | 1961-2024: A lasting and multi-faceted legacy

Media Solutions president and CEO had a talent for transforming challenges into opportunities – becoming a successful, well-respected leader in the B2B publishing world.

Media Solutions’ employees always knew when David Christopher “Coop” Cooper was in the office. At any given time during the day, the hallway would be filled with an off-key refrain of “Only You”; quotes from the movie “Top Gun” (“Talk to me, Goose!”); and, of course, a loud, often-repeated, cacophonous chorus of “Sell! Sell! Sell!” […]
Kenneth Carter